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What is the GPCI?

Given the global competition between cities, the Global Power City Index (GPCI) evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to their “magnetism,” or their comprehensive power to attract people, capital, and enterprises from around the world. It does so through measuring 6 functions—Economy, Research and Development, Cultural Interaction, Livability, Environment, and Accessibility—providing a multidimensional ranking. The GPCI is able to grasp the strengths, weaknesses, and challenges of global cities in a continuously changing world not only through a ranking, but also through analyzing that ranking’s specific components.

Download the latest GPCI-2025 report

Target Cities

Executive Summary

London
London

London, ranked #1, while experiencing a decline in its overall score, has continued to hold the #1 position since 2012. It secured the top ranking in the Cultural Interaction and Accessibility functions, and maintained a solid #2 in both Economy and R&D. Although its rankings dropped significantly in Livability and Environment, there were also positive developments, such as taking the #1 spot in the indicator for Urban Greenery.

Tokyo
Tokyo

Tokyo, which had held the #3 position for nine years since 2016, rose to #2 for the first time since the start of the GPCI ranking, surpassing New York. This was driven by another substantial increase in its overall score, despite a decline in its Economy ranking. Tokyo achieved #1 in Livability, and in Cultural Interaction, it climbed to #2 for the first time, with Nightlife Options ranked #1. The city also made notable progress in Environment, rising to #7.

New York
New York

New York, ranked #3, which recorded the steepest score decline among all cities, lost its #2 position that it had maintained since 2012. Its performance was particularly weak in Livability, where Price Level ranked last, and in Environment, where Comfort Level of Temperature worsened. On the other hand, it continued to dominate with #1 rankings in Stock Market Capitalization and Research and Development Expenditure, firmly maintaining the top spot in both Economy and R&D.

Score Deviation Fluctuation of Top 10 Cities

London maintained its top position for the 14th consecutive year. Tokyo, which has been steadily improving its score since last year, surpassed New York and rose to 2nd. Paris in 4th place also increased its score further, narrowing the gap with #3 New York. While #5 Singapore showed steady performance, 6th-place Seoul is closing in the gap, while Shanghai ranked #8 for the first time, surpassing Dubai and Berlin.

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GPCI Simulator

    Comments from Key Urban Leaders

    • Koike Yuriko

      Tokyo’s diverse charms are traditions carried on from the Edo period which coexist with modern sensibilities and have attracted many foreign travelers. In Tokyo, visitors can enjoy “culinary delights” such as traditional Japanese cuisine, including sushi, together with those from around the world. Tokyo has also captivated the world with its “entertainment.” A projection mapping using the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, which symbolizes the city’s nighttime tourism, anime and manga rooted in Edo-period ukiyo-e, and traditional performing arts and sports, such as kabuki and sumo.

      In addition, Tokyo has a global reputation for public safety with low crime and terrorism risks. Tokyo is a city where lost wallets are highly likely to be returned intact. Its pleasant urban environment includes clean streets with hardly any litter. Also, the city’s abundant potential includes advanced GX technologies, the presence of one of the world’s largest financial markets, and clusters of startups and so forth have further enhanced the opportunity for new economic growth.

      While the impacts of climate change become increasingly serious, we are moving forward with the creation of a resilient city strengthened in preparedness. Tokyo’s resilience serves as the foundation for various urban activities for people to lead their daily lives with peace of mind.

      We are in times of turbulence. The Tokyo 2020 Games, the World Athletics Championships Tokyo 25, and the Tokyo 2025 Deaflympics have shown the boundless potential of “people” again. By utilizing people’s immense potential, and the wisdom and ideas accumulated in Tokyo, our city will further implement initiatives to create a city in which everyone can pursue their own self-fulfillment and happiness.

      Koike Yuriko

      Governor of Tokyo

    • Oh Se-hoon

      Seoul is a city driven by an inherent DNA of innovation and progress, marked by a singular dynamism that generates its own momentum even in the midst of a rapidly transforming world. The convergence of cutting-edge technology and vibrant cultural energy has propelled the global expansion of K-culture, becoming a powerful engine that underpins Seoul’s global competitiveness.

      The world today is undergoing profound shifts shaped by the climate crisis, demographic transformation, and the emergence of the AI era. With “accompanying the vulnerable” as its central value, Seoul is safeguarding the lives of its citizens and sustaining resilient growth through times of change. At the same time, the city is strengthening the foundations of everyday life through life-cycle care and welfare, housing stability, and improved mobility, while also reforming regulations that create inconvenience and making forward-looking investments in future industries such as AI, transforming crises into opportunities for renewed progress.

      In the years ahead, Seoul will further reinforce the essential foundations that define everyday life, including housing, safety, health, welfare, and culture, to realize a people-centered inclusive city where all citizens can enjoy fair opportunities even in an era of change. With public trust as its highest value, Seoul will continue to grow into a city that is ever more competitive on the global stage, “a Seoul where citizens are happy.”

      The insights offered by GPCI will serve as a vital compass as Seoul translates this vision into action and advances as a truly future-oriented city.

      Oh Se-hoon

      Mayor of Seoul

    • Her Highness Sheikha Latifa bint Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum

      Dubai’s vision for the future of cities is rooted in a belief that people, culture, and innovation are the true engines of progress. Guided by a clear and ambitious strategy, Dubai continues to evolve as a city where ideas are accelerated, and diverse communities can thrive; our ability to attract and nurture global talent, invest in cutting-edge sectors, and build world-class infrastructure has strengthened the city's position as a leading global hub for opportunity and creativity.

      As cities navigate an era of rapid technological change and new expectations for quality of life, Dubai remains committed to shaping an urban environment that is agile and inclusive. We prioritise cultural vitality, sustainability, digital transformation, and economic competitiveness, ensuring that Dubai is a city that inspires. We will continue to champion global collaboration, support emerging industries, and cultivate a vibrant ecosystem where innovation and culture come together to shape the next chapter of urban excellence.

      Her Highness Sheikha Latifa bint Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum

      Chairperson of the Dubai Culture and Arts Authority, Member of the Executive Council of Dubai, and Member of the Dubai Council.

    • Kai Wegner

      Berlin is the city of freedom and tolerance – a place open to the world. People from approximately 190 nations live in our city, which has developed into an outstanding center for startups in recent years. Many young people from around the globe come to Berlin to found innovative companies. These startups are establishing themselves in areas like digital transformation, mobility, energy, healthcare, and the environmental industry. Berlin is already the German fintech capital – and it offers entrepreneurs excellent opportunities to develop new ideas and establish themselves in the market.

      Our goal is to become Europe’s number one location for innovation. To do so, we will invest billions over the coming years in education and research, environmental and climate action, and mobility. In Berlin, new ideas are always welcome.

      Kai Wegner

      Governing Mayor of Berlin

    Reports

    GPCI-2025 SUMMARY

    GPCI-2025 SUMMARY

    "Global Power City Index 2025 Summary" includes the details of Comprehensive Ranking and Function-Specific Ranking, list of indicators and definitions, Actor Evaluation.

    GPCI-2025 YEARBOOK

    GPCI-2025 YEARBOOK

    Release Date:15 January, 2026
    Bilingual (English and Japanese)
    Print Edition: JPY 20,350 (tax included)
    PDF: JPY 16,500 (tax included)

    The Global Power City Index YEARBOOK 2025 is a full report of the GPCI-2025, providing a detailed account of its methodology and results. The city profiles analyze each of the 48 target cities of the GPCI and illustrate the city’s strengths and weaknesses in reference to the score and ranking of the 70 indicators. The detailed definitions and sources of the indicators are also included in the book.

    Press Resources

    • Press Release

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    • Summary

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    • Score Deviation Fluctuation

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    • Comprehensive Ranking

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    • Function-Specific Ranking

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    • Target Cities

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    Contact

    If you have any questions about the Global Power City Index, please contact iusall@mori-m-foundation.or.jp

    PUBLICATIONS

    For more information about the Global Power City Index, please see the Summary or order the YEARBOOK. You can download the PDF version of the Summary below. The YEARBOOK provides specific details on the methods of research, definition of indicators, lists of data sources, and scores and ranking analysis of each city.

    Summary

    Full version

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